Predictive Value of Cord Blood Arterial Lactate and Base Excess for Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61705/jjtnm620Keywords:
Cord blood, arterial lactate, base excess, neonatal, respiratory morbidityAbstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to look at the predictive significance of base excess and lactate levels in the cord blood artery for the emergence of newborn respiratory morbidity.
Methods: At a tertiary perinatal center, 300 neonates delivered between January 2023 and December 2023 were included in a prospective cohort research. As soon as the baby was born, cord blood samples were taken for biochemical investigation of the amounts of excess base and lactate in the blood. The main outcome measure was the emergence of respiratory morbidity during the first seven days of life, which was characterized by the need for medical intervention due to meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), or respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
Findings: During the first seven days of life, 75 neonates (or 25%) in the study population experienced respiratory morbidity. An increased risk of respiratory morbidity was substantially correlated with elevated cord blood arterial lactate levels (>3.0 mmol/L) (OR 6.2, 95% CI 3.5-10.9, p<0.001). Conversely, a higher risk of respiratory morbidity was substantially correlated with lower cord blood base excess levels (<-5 mEq/L) (OR 11.5, 95% CI 6.3-20.9, p<0.001). Elevated cord blood arterial lactate levels (adjusted OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.6-8.9, p<0.001) and decreased base excess (adjusted OR 8.9, 95% CI 4.5-17.4, p<0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity even after controlling for potential confounding factors such as gestational age, birth weight, and mode of delivery.
Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a strong correlation between elevated cord blood arterial lactate and lowered base excess levels and respiratory morbidity in newborns. In order to enhance newborn outcomes, these biomarkers may be useful in identifying neonates who are at risk for respiratory morbidity and in directing therapeutic care and therapies.
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